题 目：A neuropsychological model of prosocial behavior
（亲社会行为的神经心理学模型）
主讲人：Dr. Frank Krueger（George Mason University 美国乔治梅森大学）
时 间: 2019年12月19日（星期四）上午10:00 - 11:00
地 点：心理学院714
讲座摘要：
Prosocial behaviors are hypothesized to require the understanding of another person’s goals and empathic concerns—engaging brain regions attributed to the mentalizing and empathy networks. Here, we tested this hypothesis with a coordinate-based meta-analysis of 600 neuroimaging studies (~12,000 individuals). Our results showed that the pro-sociality neural network only partially overlaps with brain regions associated with mentalizing abilities (dorsal posterior cingulate cortex) and empathic concerns (middle cingulate cortex). In addition to these regions, we observed brain areas that were preferentially activated by prosocial behaviors and associated with different cognitive and affective domains (ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices). We propose that in addition to processes related to mentalizing and empathic concern, prosocial behaviors further require integrative computations for prospective outcome evaluations of prosocial acts and selection of the appropriate other-regarding actions. Our work provides valuable insights into human social behaviors by proposing a neuropsychological model of the multidimensional construct of pro-sociality.
我们假设亲社会行为需要理解他人的目标和共情——心智化和移情网络的大脑区域的参与。在本研究中，我们通过对600项神经影像学研究(约12000人)进行元分析来验证这一假设。我们的研究结果表明，亲社会神经网络只与与心智化能力相关的大脑区域(背侧后扣带皮层)和与移情有关的大脑区域(中扣带皮层)部分重叠。除了这些区域，我们还观察到亲社会行为优先激活的大脑区域，这些区域与不同的认知和情感区域(腹内侧和背外侧前额叶皮质)相关。我们认为，除了与心智化和共情关注相关的过程外，亲社会行为还需要整合计算，以便对亲社会行为的预期结果进行评估，并选择适当的与他人相关的行动。因此，我们提出了亲社会的多维结构的神经心理学模型，为了解人类社会行为提供有价值的见解。
主讲人简介：
Dr. Frank Krueger is Associate Professor of Systems Social Neuroscience at the School of Systems Biology at George Mason University. He received a Master’s degree in Psychology, a Ph.D. degree in Cognitive Psychology, and a Habilitation degree (venia legendi) in Psychology from the Department of Cognitive Psychology at the Humboldt University Berlin and a Master’s degree in Physics from Free University Berlin in Germany. He is Chief of the Social Cognition and Interaction: Functionalism and Immersion (SCI:FI) Lab and Co-Director of the Center for the Study of Neuroeconomics at the Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study.
As a psychologist and neuroscientist, Dr. Krueger is interested in understanding the psychological functions (i.e., why they exist and work) and the proximate neurobiological mechanisms (i.e., how they work) of social cognition (e.g., beliefs, schemata) and prosocial behaviors (e.g., trust, cooperation) combining methods from social psychology, experimental economics, and social neuroscience.
弗兰克·克鲁格博士是乔治梅森大学，系统生物学学院，系统社会神经科学系的副教授。
克鲁格博士先后在柏林洪堡大学认知心理学部获得心理学硕士学位，认知心理学博士学位，和心理学教授资格，此外，他还在德国柏林自由大学获得物理学硕士学位。
目前，克鲁格博士担任社会认知与互动 (SCI:FI)实验室主任，以及克拉斯诺高级研究所神经经济学研究中心的联合主任。作为一位心理学家与神经科学家，克鲁格博士采取社会心理学、实验经济学与社会神经科学多个范畴的方法对社会认知（比如信仰、图式）进行研究。具体研究内容包括社会认知的心理功能与其潜在的神经生物机制，（也就是说这些功能为什么存在并起作用？他们是如何起作用的？）以及亲社会行为（比如信任、合作）。克鲁格博士在PNAS, Brain, TICS, TIN等知名期刊上发表学术论文200余篇，文章被引8800余次（h-index=46，i10-index=111）。